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Henry Hudson was a very good navigator and sailor who named and explored Hudson Bay in Canada and the Hudson River in America. His quest was to find a shortcut from Europe to the Far East. Hudson was from England, but nothing is known about his life before 1607.
On May 1, 1607, Hudson, his son, and 11 other crew members sailed from England on the Hopewell. He and his crew went past Greenland toward the North Pole. They were working for an English trading company and were hoping to find a quicker way to get from England to the Far East, by way of the Arctic Ocean. In the next two years, he tried twice more to find a "northeast passage" but failed and returned to England. The trading company would not send him on any more explorations.
In 1609 he moved to Holland and sailed for a Dutch trading company on the ship named Half Moon. In 1609 he set sail from Amsterdam and headed north, again trying to find a way through the Arctic to the Far East. This time, conditions were so bad that his crew of about 20 men threatened to mutiny. Hudson turned the ship around and headed south down the east coast of Canada. Hudson was hoping that the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans were separated by just a thin strip of land, and that he would be the one to find the shortest way between the two oceans. He sailed into New York Bay in September of 1609 and explored a river which became known as the Hudson River for about 150 miles. He was looking for the shortcut to the Pacific, but of course, he did not find it, so he returned to Holland. He was told by Holland to go back to England.
On his final journey from England in 1610, he again headed northwest towards Canada, this time on the ship Discovery. In August Hudson found a body of water which at first he thought was the Pacific Ocean. The body of water was a large bay, which eventually was named the Hudson Bay.
In November 1610, the Discovery became locked in ice in Hudson Bay. The crew wanted to get back to England, but Hudson would not let them leave. It was a very cold winter, and the crew suffered greatly in the icy conditions. The crew was thinking of mutiny. In June 1611, they decided to put Hudson, his son, and the seven others into a small boat, and they were never heard from again.
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he sailed to the new world on the mayflower
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