Who is Eva Perón?

Question

Who is Eva Perón?

Answer 1

Eva (Evita) was a showgirl who married the much older general and then dictator, Juan Peron, of Brazil and became very popular in her own right.  democracy was attempted to run for vice-president in her own right.  Subject of the mystical musical "Evita"

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eva_Per%C3%...

Answer 2

María Eva Duarte de Perón (May 7, 1919 – July 26, 1952) was the second wife of President Juan Domingo Perón (1895–1974) who served as the First Lady of Argentina from 1946 until her death in 1952. She is often referred to as simply Eva Perón, or by the affectionate Spanish language diminutive Evita, which literally translates into English as "Little Eva".

She was born out of wedlock in rural Argentina in 1919. At the age 15, Eva Duarte made her way to the nation's capital of Buenos Aires where she pursued a career as a stage, radio, and film actress. Eva met Colonel Juan Perón in 1944 at a charity event in San Juan. The two were married the following year. In 1946, Juan Perón was elected President of Argentina. Over the course of the next six years, Eva Perón became powerful within the Pro-Peronist trade unions, essentially for speaking on behalf of labor rights. She also ran the Ministries of Labor and Health, founded and ran the charitable Eva Perón Foundation, and founded and ran the nation's first large-scale female political party, the Female Peronist Party.

In 1951, Eva Perón accepted the Peronist nomination for the office of Vice President of Argentina. In this bid she received great support from the Peronist political base, low-income and working class Argentines referred to as descamisados or "shirtless ones". However, opposition from the nation's military and elite, coupled with her declining health, ultimately forced her to back down. In 1952, shortly before her death, Eva Perón was given the official title of "Spiritual Leader of the Nation" by the Argentine Congress. [1][2][3]

see her:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=93ohBty79...

Answer 3

Was Evita? Eva was Juan Peron's wife when he was dictator of Argentina. She died of cancer and he had her mummified just like Lenin and Stalin in the Kremlin. Her body is in Spain.

Answer 4

María Eva Duarte de Perón (May 7, 1919 – July 26, 1952) was the second wife of President Juan Domingo Perón (1895–1974) who served as the First Lady of Argentina from 1946 until her death in 1952. She is often referred to as simply Eva Perón, or by the affectionate Spanish language diminutive Evita, which literally translates into English as "Little Eva".

She was born out of wedlock in rural Argentina in 1919. At the age 15, Eva Duarte made her way to the nation's capital of Buenos Aires where she pursued a career as a stage, radio, and film actress. Eva met Colonel Juan Perón in 1944 at a charity event in San Juan. The two were married the following year. In 1946, Juan Perón was elected President of Argentina. Over the course of the next six years, Eva Perón became powerful within the Pro-Peronist trade unions, essentially for speaking on behalf of labor rights. She also ran the Ministries of Labor and Health, founded and ran the charitable Eva Perón Foundation, and founded and ran the nation's first large-scale female political party, the Female Peronist Party.

In 1951, Eva Perón accepted the Peronist nomination for the office of Vice President of Argentina. In this bid she received great support from the Peronist political base, low-income and working class Argentines referred to as descamisados or "shirtless ones". However, opposition from the nation's military and elite, coupled with her declining health, ultimately forced her to back down. In 1952, shortly before her death, Eva Perón was given the official title of "Spiritual Leader of the Nation" by the Argentine Congress. [1][2][3]

Contents [hide]

1 Early life

1.1 Early childhood

1.2 Junín

1.3 Move to Buenos Aires

2 Early relationship with Juan Perón

3 Rise to power

3.1 Perón's arrest

3.2 1946 Presidential election victory

4 European tour

5 Charitable and feminist works

5.1 Eva Perón Foundation

5.2 Women's suffrage

5.3 Peronist Feminist Party

6 Popularity and personality cults

7 1952 Presidential election

7.1 Vice Presidential nomination

7.2 Declining health and political opposition

7.3 Re-election and Spiritual Leader of the Nation

8 Death

8.1 Passing and funeral

8.2 Mourning

8.3 Memorial plans

8.4 Disappearance and return of corpse

8.5 Final resting place

9 Legacy and criticism

9.1 Argentina and Latin America

9.2 Allegations of fascism

9.3 International popular culture

10 Notes

10.1 References

11 External links



[edit] Early life



Eva Duarte at her First Holy Communion, 1926

[edit] Early childhood

Born on May 7, 1922 as the birth certificate for María Eva Duarte in Junín's civil registry says, but on May 7, 1919 as Eva María Ibarguren, as her Baptism certificate says.[4][2] Her Junín birth certificate appears to be a forgery made by her when she was in town for her marriage.[5] Eva Perón's autobiography, La Razón de mi Vida,[6] contains no dates or references to childhood occurrences, and does not list the location of her birth or her name at birth.[7]

Perón spent her childhood in Junín, Buenos Aires Province, then a village in the Pampas. Her parents, Juan Duarte and Juana Ibarguren (often referred to as Doña Juana), never married. Duarte was a rancher from nearby Chivilcoy, where he already had a wife and family. It should be noted that in rural Argentina, during that time, it was not uncommon to see a high-class male with multiple families.[2]

In 1920, when Eva was a year old, Duarte returned to his legal family, leaving Juana Ibarguren and her family of five children impoverished. As a result of the impoverishment, Ibarguren and her family moved to the poorest area of Junín. As a means of supporting herself and her children, Ibarguren sewed clothes for neighbors. The family was stigmatized by the abandonment of the father, especially since the Argentine law frowned upon illegitimate children. She allegedly had her birth certificate destroyed in 1945 so as to erase this part of her past.[2][8]

[edit] Junín

Juan Duarte had been Juana Ibarguren’s sole means of support. All that he left to the family was a document declaring that the children were his (so they could bear his last name).[9] In order to pay the rent on their one-room home, mother and daughters took up jobs as cooks in the houses of the local estancias. In La Razón de mi Vida (The Reason for my Life), Eva wrote:

“I remember I was very sad for many days when I discovered that in the world there were poor people and rich people; and the strange thing is that the existence of the poor did not cause me as much pain as the knowledge that at the same time there were people who were rich…From each year I kept the memory of some injustice that roused me to rebellion.”[9]

Eventually, thanks to the older brother's financial help, the family moved into a bigger house which would become their main income as it was transformed into a boarding house and a restaurant.[10] During this time, young Eva would participate enthusiastically in all of her school plays and concerts, the main distractions for her and her siblings were the cinema and watching trains come into the station from Buenos Aires. Her mother’s plans for Eva extended no further than marrying her off to one of the bachelors who lodged at the house, and joining her in running it.[9] Eva determined a different path after October 1933 when she played a small role in a school play called Arriba Estudiantes (Students Arise), “an emotional, patriotic, flag-waving melodrama.”[9] After the play she was determined to become a great actress.[9]

[edit] Move to Buenos Aires



Eva Duarte in 1935 at age 16.According to several historians, in 1934 Eva suffered an attempted rape. Eva and a girlfriend had been invited on a trip to the coastal city of Mar del Plata by some male friends. However, as soon as the party left Junín the men attempted to force the girls into s*x. When they resisted, they were abandoned in the middle of the road.[11] That same year, fifteen year old Eva decided to quit school and try her luck in Buenos Aires, but she had to go back to Junín after she couldn't find a job. She then finished primary school in Junín, and spent the 1935 New Year's Eve with her family, but on January 2, 1935 she moved definitely to Buenos Aires. In her autobiography she explains that all the people from her town that had been to the big cities described them as "marvelous places, where nothing was given but wealth", so she figured out that Buenos Aires was the place for her to get away from the misery that surrounded her in the country.[12]

Certain biographers and most of Eva Peron depictions in popular culture,[9] imply that she traveled to Buenos Aires by train with tango singer Agustín Magaldi. However, Evita's biographers Marysa Navarro and Nicholas Fraser sustain that this didn't happen based on the fact that Magaldi didn't perform in Junín during the year 1934, and also based on Eva's sister allegations that her mother stayed in Buenos Aires until Eva had a job.[2] Doña Juana took her daughter to audition at a radio station, and Eva arranged to stay on at the home of family friends, the Bustamontes."[13]

"Buenos Aires in the 1930s was the continent's most cosmopolitan and elegant metropolis and soon became known as the 'Paris of South America.' As in any great European capital, the center of the city was filled with cafés, restaurants, theaters, movie houses, shops, and bustling crowds. Eva was one of many people from the provinces, attracted by the process of industrialization, who came to the capital during the 1930s. When she arrived with little more than a cardboard suitcase containing her few possessions, the bold teenager must have felt a wrenching sense of vulnerability and solitude. In direct contrast to the glamour of the city, the 1930s were also years of great unemployment, poverty, and hunger in the capital, and many immigrants from the interior were forced to live in tenements, squalid boardinghouses, and in outlying shantytowns that became known as villas miserias."[14]

Upon arrival in Buenos Aires, Eva Duarte was faced with the difficulties of surviving without formal education and without connections. The city was specially overcrowded during this period because of the migratory waves caused by the great depression. On March 28, 1935 she had her professional debut in the play "The Perezes Misses", at the Comedias Theater. The next day the newspaper Crítica made the first known public comment about Eva:

"...very correct during her short interventions Eva Duarte..."[15]

The next year she toured nationally with a theater company, worked as a model and got a few roles in B-grade movie melodramas. In August 1937, she worked for the first time in a radio drama called White Gold, which talked about the everyday life of Chaco's cotton workers.[16] In 1942 she had a breakthrough towards economical stability when a company called Candilejas (sponsored by a soap manufacturer) hired her for a daily role in of their radio dramas, which aired on Radio El Mundo, the most important radio station in the country at that time.[2] Later that year she signed a five-year contract with Radio Belgrano, which would assure her a role in a popular historical-drama program called Great Women of History where she played Elizabeth I of England, Sarah Bernhardt and the last Tsarina of Russia. Eventually, Eva Duarte came to co-own the radio company. By 1943, Eva Duarte was earning five or six thousands pesos a month, making her one of the highest paid radio actresses in the nation during this time period. Pablo Raccioppi, who jointly ran Radio El Mundo with Eva Duarte, is said to have not liked her but to have noted that she was "thoroughly