Who knows what about hypoplastic maxillary sinus?

Question

is there a treatment for this?what are the chances of getting treatment

Answer 1

What are sinuses?

The sinuses are cavities, or air-filled pockets, near the nasal passage. Like the nasal passage, the sinuses are lined with mucous membranes. There are four different types of sinuses:

    * ethmoid sinus - located inside the face, around the area of the bridge of the nose. This sinus is present at birth, and continues to grow.

    * maxillary sinus - located inside the face, around the area of the cheeks. This sinus is also present at birth, and continues to grow.

    * frontal sinus - located inside the face, in the area of the forehead. This sinus does not develop until around 7 years of age.

    * sphenoid sinus - located deep in the face, behind the nose. This sinus does not develop until adolescence.

What is sinusitis?

Sinusitis is an infection of the sinuses near the nose. These infections usually occur after a cold or after an allergic inflammation. There are four types of sinusitis:

    * acute sinusitis - symptoms of this type of infection last less than four weeks and gets better with the appropriate treatment.

    * subacute sinusitis - does not improve with treatment initially, and symptoms last four to eight weeks.

    * chronic sinusitis - this type of infection happens with repeated acute infections or with previous infections that were inadequately treated. These symptoms last eight weeks or longer.

    * recurrent sinusitis - three or more episodes of acute sinusitis a year.

What causes sinusitis?

Sometimes, a sinus infection happens after an upper respiratory infection (URI) or common cold. The URI causes inflammation of the nasal passages that can block the opening of the paranasal sinuses, and result in a sinus infection. Allergies can also lead to sinusitis because of the swelling of the nasal tissue and increased production of mucus. There are other possible conditions that can block the normal flow of secretions out of the sinuses and can lead to sinusitis including the following:

    * abnormalities in the structure of the nose

    * enlarged adenoids

    * diving and swimming

    * infections from a tooth

    * trauma to the nose

    * foreign objects stuck in the nose

    * gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

    * secondhand smoke

When the flow of secretions from the sinuses is blocked, bacteria may begin to grow. This leads to a sinus infection, or sinusitis. The most common bacteria that cause sinusitis include the following:

    * Streptococcus pneumonia

    * Haemophilus influenzae

    * Moraxella catarrhalis

Treatment of sinusitis may include the following:

    * antibiotics, as determined by your child's physician (antibiotics are usually given for at least 14 days)

    * acetaminophen for pain or discomfort

    * a decongestant (i.e., pseudoephedrine [Sudafed®]) and/or mucus thinner (i.e., guaifenesin [Robitussin®])

    * cool humidifier in your child's room

    * nasal spray to reduce inflammation

    * medications to treat GERD

    * surgery to remove the adenoids

    * endoscopic sinus surgery.

Antibiotics may be withheld for 10 to 14 days, unless severe symptoms develop, such as fever, facial pain or tenderness, or swelling around the eye. Surgery should be considered only if other treatments have failed.

Referral to an allergist/immunologist is often needed, particularly for people with chronic or recurrent sinusitis and for patients who have had sinus surgery, but who still experience sinusitis.

Antihistamines do not help the symptoms of sinusitis unless an allergy is involved