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Why did the Inca civilization did not rebel?

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  1. they did but it is hard to fight old world  diseases with out the right medicines and hard to stop bullets with a hide shield. and the Spanish were ruthless mass murder.


  2. They definitely tried to fight back, but for a number of reasons lost.  They were in the middle of a civil war between two competing brothers for union of the whole empire.  Atahualpa who was the leader of the most commanding force at the time was captured early on, by a cunning but lowly Spanish trap flung upon him under the guise of a peace meeting, in which many of the elite members of the empire were massacred.  So a huge leg was chopped off early on.  Also the Incans had never seen horses and at first believed they were some form of God's.  In later battles they realized how to fight them--on steep terrain where the horses wouldn't give them any advantage.  They did mount resistances though, there were many battles (staged from both of the former competing Incan factions)  over the period of years.  They didn't just go down without a fight.

  3. The Mesoamerican civilization was at its height, when the Spanish landed in South American.  The Incas like the Aztecs were not prepared to deal with the Spanish.  After the fall of the Aztecs in 1521, Francisco Pizzarro decided to attack the Incas in 1531.  Pizzarro only had about two hundred soldiers but he used deception to gain the upper hand.  Atahualpa, the ruler of the Incas was tricked in to attending a conference in Cajamarca but instead of a conference Atahualpa was kidnapped. Pizzarro also killed many of Atahualpas family members and followers.   Atahualpa tried to ransom himself, by offering Pizzarro enough gold and silver to fill the room he was held in.  The Inca's paid the ransom but Pizzarro did not release Atahualpa but tried to use him as a puppet ruler. The Incas refused to follow the puppet ruler so Pizzarro had Atahualpa executed in 1533. The Incas and their allies fought the Spanish for thirty years.  In the 1560's the Spanish gained control of the Inca Empire.

    The Incas were not use to dealing with an enemy like the Spanish.  The first mistake the Incas made was, believing the Spanish.  In the past when the Incas and other Mesoamericans fought and a peace talk was arranged that’s what it was.  The native people also practiced a different type of warfare.  Once they captured the enemy for slaves or sacrifices the battle was over.  They did not have to gain control over the enemy.  The Spanish were relentless in their pursuit of land, gold, and their need to dominate the native people.   The Spanish just kept coming.  The Incas fought back but the Spanish continued to send more warriors. The Incas were also weakened by diseases the Spanish brought to South America.  The combination of disease and the Spanish relentless defeated the Incas.

  4. The single biggest reason for the minimal resistance to the Spanish conquerors was the introduction of Old World diseases (particularly smallpox)  to the Incan population by the Spaniards for which the Incans had no natural resistance.  It has been estimated as much as two thirds of the Incan population was wiped out by the introduction of these diseases.

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