Why do planets that are closer to the sun move slower than those farthest from the sun? Just curious 10 points

Question

for example, Mercury, which is the closest planet to the sun, moves so slowly that part of it faces the sun long enough for the temperature to reach 900+ degrees farenheit. Meanwhile the side facing away from the sun falls to 300 degrees below 0. Jupiter, on the other hand (which is much farther from the sun), moves so quickly that fierce storms form on it just because of the quick motion, the most famous of which is the red spot (which has been raging for several years). So why is it that planets that are closer to the sun move much more slowly than those farther from the sun? Is there some kind of atmospheric force from the sun that restricts the movement of planets that are closer to it? Or what is it?

Answer 1

Temperatures are also determined by the amount or speed of the rotation of the planet.   I don't think Mercury has much rotation.   The actual speed or velocity of a planet is also determined by its mass and distance from the sun.   With more gravity pull from the sun, it would need more velocity to stay in its orbit.

Answer 2

Venus has the slowest rotational speed, and Jupiter has the fastest. The rotational speed is the result of the planet's initial angular momentum, plus the effects of later interactions.

Mercury rotates in resonance with its orbit around the sun. This can happen because the sun's tidal forces are much stronger on Mecury than on any other planet. Astronomers think that Venus may have acqured its slow, backwards spin frpm a collision with another planet in the early solar system.

Jupiter would have formed from a large cloud of gas, and as all that gas swirled toward the center, it naturally sped up. Saturn's spin is nearly as fast, while Uranus and Neptune spin a bit more slowly.

If the sun has any effect on a planet's spin, it would be gravitational, not atmospheric.