Why does it seem that development is eluding african state in the 21st century?

Question

Why does it seem that development is eluding african state in the 21st century?

Answer 1

Development requires a combination of resources, a skilled and educated work force and capital.  In many part of Africa these elements are in short supply.  Nationalist impulses such as in Zimbabwe actively drive out the work force and capital.  Major projects funded by the World Bank misapply capital to things that do not have immediate impacts.  The most efficient method has proven to be microlending.  Small loans are given for homecrafts or livestock.  It builds a middle class that can afford to educate and train the next generation.