11th century Islam saw a flourishing of science, mathematics, technology, advances in agriculture and even dissent (see Al-Ma'arri's poetry if you find this incredulous), that was the envy of the world. It also welcomed, studied and preserved scholarship from around the globe: Ancient Greeks, Indians, Persians etc. Nowadays, the output of quality scientific research from the Middle East is pitifully low considering the wealth and population of these countries. Israeli universities produce the bulk of scientific output in the region. Scientific Nobel Prize winners from these regions are also very low (Peace prize isn't science). Where did it all go wrong?
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